![]() Undercurrent383 ( talk) 06:03, 3 January 2009 (UTC) Reply I don't know if the Walker issue is true or not so I won't include this conclusion. The improvement in sound quieting from around 1988 to 1991 was truly massive and has sparked speculation that the Walker spy ring had managed to sell information on quieting technology to the Soviets. The Improved Akula made massive improvements in quieting and is regarded as slightly quieter than a i688, which is a remarkable achievement. The improved Victor III made improvements over this and was similar to a i688. The original Akula was actually slightly noisier than an original 688, about the same as a 637. I have sources of information that were compiled by Norman Polmar which I will include that compares the sound performance of the various later generation builds to Vessels of the USN. The Akula is certainly not as quiet as a Seawolf. I have added a "dubious" tag to the claim to encourage discussion of the statement I was tempted to remove it altogether, but perhaps someone can furnish a better source than the Russian propaganda machine. The wording of the statement in the Wiki needs to be altered at least, and removed altogether at most. Jeremy Boorda, who didn't say what has been implied here), and the opinion of "some US experts," even if they exist and are verifiable, does not make it a fact. Following the link, the article says "According to some US experts, the degree of stealth of the improved sub of Project 971 has caught up with that of the US Navy multi-purpose fourth generation submarine Seawolf (SSN-21)." However, none of these experts are named (there is a reference to Adm. It is certainly not a very objective source for most things, let alone anything Russian. As a source, Pravda is about as reliable as The Onion at worst, and the National Inquirer at best (Pravda loves their Batboy-style stories). I noticed there is a claim that the Akula class is as quiet as the American Seawolf class, backed up by a citation from Pravda. ![]() Manchurian candidate 08:17, 26 June 2008 (UTC) Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.73.230.66 ( talk Īlso the date is not verified and has no backing.It should be deleted until there is some mainstream coverage about it. Reverse-editing and deletion of previous info that comes without explanation (at least on the talk page) can be considered as vandalism. There is NO OFFICIAL discussion about Akulas being leased to India, let alone sold.Īctually, the only OFFICIAL who spoke about it was the Indian Navy CINC (citation provided in the article), who denied it. I would politely ask all the Indian Navy fans not toġ) post unquoted, alleged, unverified info without giving a single citation,Ģ) edit quoted, verified, citation-provided edits that do not fit their own personal wishes/POV/wet dreams,ģ) making erroneous/blatantly false edits (like 900 km range for Club missiles instead of 300 km)Ĥ) putting "pseudo-citations" that, when checked, consist of some newspaper article that has nothing to do with the matter. Solarsystemsurfer 17:43, 10 July 2006 (UTC) Reply However it s an fast attack submarine, nato designation Alfa, soviet project number 705 'Lira' In the movie as well as in the novel 'The hunt for red october' no Akula class attack submarine appears. The information in the *appearances in film* section is not correct: Alureiter 09:26, 30 December 2005 (UTC) Reply Does anyone know which is which? HoratioVitero 18:04, 26 August 2005 (UTC) sorry about the name issue Reply ![]() There is an inconsistancy on this page and Typhoon class submarine, this one calls the submarines with the NATO designation "typhoon" "bars" whereas the Typhoon class submarine article says that the NATO designation "akula" belongs to the "bars" class of soviet submarine.I mean we are not going around adding passages about russians spying for americans in stealing technology for Zaslon radar of Mig-31, which happened, and scandals around Shkval supercavitating torpedo, to which there are very good sources. I think I will delete the passage about Walker, until it is sourced.
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"We just came up with a better idea, something that serviced Natasha a little bit more."ĭuring the "time heist" portion of "Endgame," the Avengers go back to important moments in the past to retrieve the Infinity Stones. "It was reshot to make it more intimate between Clint and Natasha, which fully worked in the end version of the movie," Schmidt said. Schmidt said Black Widow's original death scene was shown to test audiences and the reaction was positive, but after some time with the footage a new idea for the scene began to take form. Clint tries to stop her while also fending off the attack." "Thanos and his soldiers show up on Vormir and a small battle ensues between them and Natasha and Clint. "On script and what we first shot was an excellent scene," Schmidt said. ![]() Ultimately, it's Black Widow who gives her soul for the Soul Stone.īut originally, the scene was very different. The scene of Natasha Romanoff (Black Widow, played by Scarlett Johansson) and Clint Barton (Hawkeye, played by Jeremy Renner) searching for the Soul Stone on Vormir led to one of the most dramatic moments in "Endgame." Each Avenger tries to stop the other from jumping off the cliff so the other could obtain the stone. Read more: Director of dark indies, lover of American accents, and fan of psychology essays: Karen Gillan is much more than Nebula from the Marvel Cinematic Universe ![]() While Ford was wrapping post on "Infinity War," Schmidt continued assembling the "Endgame" footage while the Russos were shooting so they would not have to wait on seeing edited sequences. "And then when we finished that year of insanity," Ford continued, "we went right into an absolutely hellish, almost impossible postproduction period that lasted from January to April when we delivered 'Infinity War,' and that was one of the most intense periods of filmmaking I ever experienced, and I have worked on some crazy movies."īefore working on "Infinity War" and "Endgame," Ford's credits included MCU titles like "Captain America: The First Avenger," "The Avengers," and "Avengers: Age of Ultron." Throughout most of it, Schmidt has been by his side, first as an assistant editor starting with the first "Avengers" movie and then sharing editing credit with Ford beginning on "Captain America: The Winter Soldier."Īnd having an editing duo is almost essential for how MCU titles are churned out. The editors Jeffrey Ford and Matthew Schmidt edited "Infinity War" and Endgame" back-to-back. "It was a constant state of preproduction, production, and postproduction all at the same time for almost a year straight." "We were cutting every day, we were refining, we were figuring out what we were going to reshoot, figuring out what we had to finish," Ford told Business Insider. Starting in January 2017, the two were part of the core creative team that crafted the conclusion of the Marvel Cinematic Universe's Infinity Saga with the making of "Infinity War" and "Endgame." The duo edited the two movies back-to-back, which often meant they were cutting at the same time the directors Anthony and Joe Russo were still shooting the movie. Their tone changes from upbeat to serious, and their descriptions fill with words like "slog," "pressure," and "intense." ![]() For the past two years, the editors have done little else but work on crafting not one but two Marvel movies, each of which is now among the biggest box-office earners of all time.īut in talking to Ford and Schmidt, there are times when you can hear in their voices just how difficult it was. Jeffrey Ford and Matthew Schmidt talk with pride about their work on "Avengers: Endgame" and "Avengers: Infinity War." It would be hard not to. ![]() Account icon An icon in the shape of a person's head and shoulders. So tweaks were done to aesthetics and balance changes were applied to the characters but the game’s core remains the same. However, take note that Supercell maintained the same gameplay structure of the game since launch. Today, Clash of Clans is still going strong boasting a monthly average player count of over 90 million. Image Source: Clash of Clans – Clan Capital The development of the game along with the estimated budget is loose change compared to the revenue generated by the game which at its peak has a daily revenue of $5.5 million. Interestingly enough, Clash of Clans only took six months to develop with an estimated software cost of $80,000. But since 2012, Clash of Clans has generated over $8 billion in revenue making it one of the strongest if not the most profitable titles in mobile gaming. And by 2013, it took the third spot in terms of revenue. Clash of Clans launched on August 2, 2012. Six Months & 80K Equals $8 BillionĪ couple of months before Clash of Clans made it to the freemium market, Supercell has already published their farming management simulation Hay Day. ![]() So without further ado, let’s travel back to 2012, a year after Supercell abandoned its Facebook browser projects to publish Clash of Clans on the digital market. Additionally, we’ll take a quick overview of the latest update patch delivered to the game including Clash of Clans on PC. ![]() As the game nears its August 2 anniversary, let’s take a quick overview of the game’s past, present, and future. 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Place remaining marinade in a saucepan on low. Sauerbraten can be so easy and quick to make, especially using a pressure cooker. Then add some water to the bag and continue until you have ginger snap mush. How to make Slow Cooker Sauerbraten Beef in Gingersnap Gravy In a slow cooker, combine the beef, onions, broth, vinegar and bay leaves. Add the prepared gravy (see below) to the sliced roast pieces.Ĭrush the ginger snap cookies in a plastic bag. (Or put in crock-pot on low for 10 hours) Add more marinade if needed. Apple Cider (or apple juice) Wash and trim excess fat off the beef roast. Butter 10 Gingersnaps, finely crushed 1/4 c. Add about 1/2 of the marinade to the roasting pan.Ĭover and bake at 325-350 for 3 hours. Carrot, peeled and coarsely chopped Gingersnap Gravy 2 Tbsp. Flip the roast over twice a day.Īfter marination, strain and discard the spices. Apple cider vinegar will give the meat a milder flavor with the same tenderness. TRANSFER mixture to slow cooker, along with beef broth, carrots, celery, leeks and half of the gingersnaps. If you wish for a stronger flavor, use white vinegar. ![]() ![]() Marinate the roast for two-four days in the water / vinegar / pickling spices / bay leaves. Place beef in slow cooking pot pour 1 cup marinade over meat. Though chili sauce and gingersnap cookies might seem like surprising additions to a pot-roast recipe, I assure you the final result is delicious. Copy Sauerbraten (simple & authentic) with Gingersnap GravyĤ pounds Sirloin Tip (Beef) (Also acceptable: chuck roast, rump roast, or beef bottom sirloin tip)Ģ cups Apple Cider Vinegar (Or white vinegar) ![]() Įpic's commercial success continued to grow in the 1970s with releases from ABBA (in the UK), Boston, Cheap Trick, the Clash, Charlie Daniels, Gabriel, Heart, Heatwave, the Isley Brothers, the Jacksons, George Jones, Labelle, Meat Loaf, Johnny Nash, Ted Nugent, REO Speedwagon, Minnie Riperton, Pegasus, Charlie Rich, Sly & the Family Stone, Steve Vai, and Edgar Winter. When the newly formed Crosby, Stills & Nash wanted to sign with Atlantic Records, Ahmet Ertegun worked out a deal with Clive Davis whereby Richie Furay's new band Poco (having signed with Atlantic due to Furay's contract from being in Buffalo Springfield) would sign with Epic. Graham Nash was signed to Epic because of his membership in The Hollies. Several of the British artists on the Epic roster during the 1960s were the result of CBS's Epic/ Okeh units' international distribution deal with EMI Epic recordings were issued by EMI on the Columbia label.Įpic was involved in a notable "trade" of artists. Among its many acts, it included Roy Hamilton, Bobby Vinton, the Dave Clark Five, the Hollies, Tammy Wynette, Donovan, the Yardbirds, Lulu, July, Helen Shapiro, and Jeff Beck. By the end of the 1960s, Epic earned its first gold records and had evolved into a formidable hit-making force in rock and roll, R&B and country music. This has included such notables as the Berlin Philharmonic, Charles Rosen, the Juilliard String Quartet, Antal Doráti conducting the Hague Philharmonic, and George Szell conducting the Cleveland Orchestra.Įxpansion of genres and mainstream success īy 1960, Epic became better known for its signing of newer, fledgling acts. Epic's bright-yellow, black, and blue logo became a familiar trademark for many jazz and classical releases. Pop talent on co-owned Okeh Records were transferred to Epic which made Okeh a rhythm and blues label. Initial classical music releases were from Philips Records which distributed Columbia product in Europe. ![]() The label was founded predominantly as a jazz and classical music label in 1953, but later expanded its scope to include a more diverse range of genres, including pop, R&B, rock, and hip hop.Įpic Records was launched in 1953 by the Columbia Records unit of CBS, for the purpose of marketing jazz, pop, and classical music that did not fit the theme of its more mainstream Columbia Records label. Epic Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America, the North American division of Japanese conglomerate Sony. Even so, it’s better than 2GB, and that may sway users with smaller amounts of data to store. 2GB - but remember that 15GB is spread across your whole Google account. Dropbox debate, Google takes an early lead because it offers way more free storage than Dropbox - 15GB vs. Unless you’re a OneDrive or iCloud user, many will consider the true alternative to Google Drive to be Dropbox. If you use a Google for Business account, you’ll start with a greater amount of free storage. After that, you can upgrade to various tiers of paid storage. The free version offers 15GB of storage spread over your Google Account. You can also download the Drive app on iPhone, iPad, and Android. Google Drive is available online, with backup and sync available for Windows (7 and above) and macOS. If you already use this office suite, it makes using Drive to store all your documents a no-brainer and works so perfectly, you wouldn’t even consider moving. If you’re tackling a problem, take advantage of the massive amount of help and training Google provides online.įinally, it would be remiss not to mention Google Drive’s ability to integrate with Google Docs. ![]() In the free tier, you’ll probably have to at least try to troubleshoot any problems yourself, as getting in touch with a customer support representative is a roundabout process that can take a while. Access and privacy benefit from all the usual features you’d expect from a Google tool, including 2-step authentication and on-the-ball alerts for any possible security concerns. Keep your files organized and free of duplicates to get the most out of the tool. ![]() That means you can create a file on your desktop that will be automatically synced to the cloud, perfect if you work on your computer but want to make sure that others can contribute or see it too.Ī fast, clean piece of software, the only thing that will slow Drive down is whatever it is you’re storing on it. Google Drive also offers automatic backup and syncing for Mac and Windows users. ![]() The only drawback here is that security on this sharing is not as tight or advanced as you might be used to if you’ve used other file sharing tools in the past. If you’ve ever regretted that a document was on the computer at home while you were at work, or battled with a pen drive that just won’t work, Google Drive may well be the answer to your prayers.īeyond simply storing your files, Drive also allows you to share them and collaborate with other users in real-time. Google Drive is a cloud-based file storage service that allows you to access your files, photos, music, and more across multiple locations and with multiple users. Cloud based storage Google Drive is perfect for storing files and accessing them on the go. ![]() It provides an overview of the exam, the skills measured, and the registration process.
Instant coffee has significantly less caffeine than regular coffee. It’s easy to make, as there isn’t any brewing required. Simply add hot water to the instant coffee powder or granules. To make instant coffee, you need brewed coffee that was previously frozen or spray dried. We recommend trying out different kinds and figuring out what feels best for you. Researchers say four shots of espresso a day is the optimal number. ![]() Double-shot - 58 to 185 mg (most commonly 150 mg).Single-shot - 29 to 100 mg (most commonly 75 mg).It’s a little drink because the caffeine concentration is so high.Ĭaffeine levels in espresso depend on the preparation method: To make it, you’ll need an espresso machine or a stovetop pot.Įspresso is measured differently than coffee: in 1 oz shots instead of cups. Small but mighty.Įspresso is made by forcing hot water or steam through finely-ground coffee beans. The rule is: the longer coffee beans are roasted, the more caffeine content is lost.įor your cup of joe, we recommend you stick to the average caffeine amount: 95 mg. This is because lighter roasts are denser since the beans weren’t roasted for a long time at a high temperature. Note: lighter roasts will have more caffeine than darker roasts. One 8-oz serving size of brewed coffee can have between 70 and 140 mg of caffeine. You can also use a French press or a percolator to make brewed coffee without a filter. The filter separates the grounds from the brewed coffee. Ground beans are brewed in hot water and left to sit in a plastic, paper, or metal filter. Brewed Coffeeīrewed, filter, or regular coffee is the most commonly made coffee in Europe and the US. To that end, here is a detailed list of caffeine content based on different coffee drinks. For your cup of joe, we recommend you stick to the average caffeine amount: 161 mg. Of course, this varies from drink to drink. Serving size - Ranges from 30 to 700 ml (1 to 24 oz) for one cup of coffee.Type of coffee - Caffeine content greatly varies between instant coffee, regularly brewed, decaf, espresso, and so on.Roast - Lighter roasts have higher caffeine content, while darker roasts have a richer flavor.The caffeine content also depends on more familiar factors, such as: In the meantime, lower altitudes have more insects, resulting in more concentrated caffeine. The higher the altitude, the fewer insects. The level of caffeine is also affected by the altitude at which the plant is grown. Arnot discovered another little known caffeine fact. What Factors Affect Caffeine Content?ĭid you know? The flavor profile in a java cup depends on the type of coffee bean and its origin. So, here is everything you need to know about the amount of caffeine that should be in your brew. This is the highest percentage since 2012.Īt Nomad Coffee Club, we want to ensure you know the caffeine content in each type of coffee to make an informed decision about your intake. ![]() ![]() Not only is savoring a steaming cup of coffee soothing, but the caffeine will perk you right up!Ī National Coffee Association study from 2018 found that 64% of Americans have a cup of joe daily. If you’re like most Americans, you’re sipping from a travel mug on your way to work or stopping by the local Starbucks to refuel several times a day. ![]() The NHS says pregnant women should consume no more than 200mg of caffeine per day, advising that a mug of instant coffee contains 100mg and a mug of filter coffee contains 140mg.Ī Costa Coffee spokeswoman said: "The amount of caffeine included within each coffee varies, depending on both the coffee and size of drink ordered by a customer.Ah, coffee. The findings also show that buying coffee on the high street could be potentially problematic for consumers who are sensitive to caffeine, or are pregnant. "Most of the time this shouldn't be an issue but if you drink a lot of coffee or need to limit your caffeine intake you might want to consider what you're ordering and where from." "Our analysis has shown that there are big variations in caffeine content between drinks from different high-street coffee shops. Which? nutritionist Shefalee Loth said the research shows you may be consuming significantly more, or less, caffeine than you bargained for. ![]() These chromatids are held together by the centromere. Each pair of chromatids is a product from duplication of one chromosome in the S phase from interphase. ĭuring interphase, the chromosomes are already doubled, this has two closely associated subunits called chromatids. Chromosomes are duplicated during this same phase, this produces 2 sister chromatids, allowing each daughter cell which results from the mitotic division to have the diploid number of chromosomes.ĭuring Gap phase 2 the cell continues to grow and it produces specific proteins necessary for cell division so that mitosis can follow interphase.Īnother vital event which occurs during interphase is that the cell repairs any DNA damage, to ensure that no undesirable mutations are passed on to the progeny cells. G1( gap phase 1 ), S ( synthesis phase ) and G2 ( gap phase 2).ĭuring Gap phase 1 biosynthetic activity in the cell is increased as the cell grows and replicates it's organelles whilst producing spare proteins.ĭuring S phase the cell must replicate its DNA, in order for the two daughter cells produced via the following division to have a complete set of genetic material. ![]() Interphase can be divided into 3 main phases It is the preparation period preceding mitosis, in which the cell grows and it's DNA is replicated. Interphase constitutes for most of the cell cycle In this phase, the chromosomes are invisible through a light microscope. At the end of anaphase, each pole contains a complete compilation of chromosomes.If a cell is not undergoing mitotic cell division, the cell is in interphase.
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